The first test batches of the Magic Cube were produced in late 1977 and released in Budapest toy shops.
Rubik applied for a patent in Hungary for his "Magic Cube" ( Hungarian: Bűvös kocka) on 30 January 1975, and HU170062 was granted later that year. He did not realise that he had created a puzzle until the first time he scrambled his new Cube and then tried to restore it. Although it is widely reported that the Cube was built as a teaching tool to help his students understand 3D objects, his actual purpose was solving the structural problem of moving the parts independently without the entire mechanism falling apart. In the mid-1970s, Ernő Rubik worked at the Department of Interior Design at the Academy of Applied Arts and Crafts in Budapest. Packaging of Rubik's Cube, Toy of the year 1980 – Ideal Toy Corp., made in Hungary On early cubes, the position of the colours varied from cube to cube. Since 1988, the arrangement of colours has been standardised with white opposite yellow, blue opposite green, and orange opposite red, and the red, white, and blue arranged clockwise in that order. Some later versions of the cube have been updated to use coloured plastic panels instead, which prevents peeling and fading.
On the original classic Rubik's Cube, each of the six faces was covered by nine stickers, each of one of six solid colours: white, red, blue, orange, green, and yellow. The Rubik's Cube was inducted into the US National Toy Hall of Fame in 2014. As of 14 March 2021, over 450 million cubes had been sold worldwide, making it the world's bestselling puzzle game and bestselling toy. It won the 1980 German Game of the Year special award for Best Puzzle.
The cube was released internationally in 1980 and became one of the most recognized icons in popular culture. Originally called the Magic Cube, the puzzle was licensed by Rubik to be sold by Pentangle Puzzles in the UK in 1978, and then by Ideal Toy Corp in 1980 via businessman Tibor Laczi and Seven Towns founder Tom Kremer. The Rubik's Cube is a 3-D combination puzzle originally invented in 1974 by Hungarian sculptor and professor of architecture Ernő Rubik.
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